Parent taxon: Plantae according to W. D. Tidwell et al. 1992

Sister taxa: Aculeisporites, Alethopteridae, Asterotheca, Calamitaceae, Carpolithes, Coniferophyta, Cordaitales, Cyclogranisporites, Cymodoceites, Cyperites, Dutoitia, Embryophyta, Flabellofolium, Holcospermum, Howisonia, Kraeuselisporites, Lapposisporites, Lepidodendraceae, Lonchopteris, Loperia, Lycopodiophyta, Lycopodophyta, Magnoliophyta, Metaleiofusa, Myeloxylon, Neuropteridae, Pachytesta, Pecopteris, Polysporangiophyta, Progymnospermophyta, Scythiana, Sigillariaceae, Spermatophyta, Sphenopteridae, Spheripollenites, Stigmaria, Sulcati, Tracheophyta, Trigonocarpus, Viridaeplantae, Wardia, Whittleseya, Yuknessia

Subtaxa: none