Reptilia - Passeriformes - Fringillidae

Parent taxon: Fringillidae according to S. L. Olson and H. F. James 1982

Sister taxa: Ammodramus, Carduelis, Carpodacus, Drepanidini, Junco, Loxia, Melospiza, Passerella, Passerina, Pinicola, Pipilo, Zonotrichia

Subtaxa: none

Ecology: volant granivore