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Pterosauria (pterosaur)

Taxonomy

Pterosauria was named by Kaup (1834). It was considered monophyletic by Nesbitt (2011).

It was synonymized subjectively with Ornithosaurii by Bonaparte (1850); it was corrected as Pterosauri by Hay (1902); it was reranked as the superorder Pterosauria by Olshevsky (1991); it was reranked as the unranked clade Pterosauria by Sereno (1991) and Nesbitt (2011).

It was assigned to Rhamphosauria by Haeckel (1866); to Diapsida by Osborn (1903); to Reptilia by Owen (1861), Hay (1902) and Estes (1964); to Archosauria by Thulborn (1975); to Archosauromorpha by Benton (1985); to Dinosauria by Bakker (1986); to Ornithosuchia by Gauthier et al. (1989); to Archosauria by Olshevsky (1991); to Ornithodira by Gauthier (1986), Benton (1990), Sereno and Arcucci (1990), Sereno (1991) and Novas (1996); to Archosauria by Carroll (1988) and Delsate and Wild (2000); and to Pterosauromorpha by Nesbitt (2011).

Subtaxa

Antipus, Campylognathoididae, Caviramus, Faxinalipterus, Laopteryx, Lonchognatha, Ornithocephalidae, Palaeocursornis (syn. Limnornis, Palaeolimnornis, Eurolimnornis), Preondactylus, Pteraichnidae, Pterodactyloidea (syn. Araripesaurus castilhoi, Araripedactylus dehmi, Santanadactylus pricei, Ornithocheirus bunzeli, Araripedactylus, Pterodactylus grandis, Pterodactylus grandipelvis), Raeticodactylus, Rhamphorhynchoidea (syn. Comodactylus ostromi, Comodactylus), Sharivopterygia, Wukongopteridae

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Synonyms

Limnornis corneti was named by Kessler and JurcsÃ¡k (1984). Its type specimen is MTCO-P 1637, a limb element (distal fragment of a left femur), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was recombined as Palaeolimnornis corneti by Jurcsák and Kessler (1985); it was recombined as Eurolimnornis corneti by Kessler (1987); it was recombined as Palaeocursornis corneti by Bock and Bühler (1996); it was considered a nomen dubium by Dyke et al. (2011) and Agnolin and Varricchio (2012).
Eurolimnornis was named by Kessler and JurcsÃ¡k (1986). It is not extant.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Agnolin and Varricchio (2012).

It was assigned to Eurolimnornithidae by Bock and Bühler (1996); and to Ornithurae by Hope (2002).
Pterodactylus nobilis was named by Owen (1870). Its type specimen is BMNH 36552, a limb element (Fragment of phalanx), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is "Wealden", 'Pterodactylus/Ornithocheirus nobilis' type site, which is in a Barremian terrestrial horizon in the Wessex Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was recombined as Ornithocheirus nobilis by Lydekker (1888); it was considered a nomen dubium by Martill et al. (1996), Howse et al. (2001), Steel et al. (2005) and Sweetman and Martill (2010).
Pterodactylus suprajurensis was named by Sauvage (1873). It is not a trace fossil. Its type locality is Boulogne-sur-Mer (general), which is in a Kimmeridgian marine horizon in the Argiles de Châtillon Formation of France.

It was recombined as Rhamphorhynchus suprajurensis by Lydekker (1891); it was considered a nomen dubium by Knoll and Bouveur (2001).
Pterodactylus curtus was named by Owen (1870). Its type specimen is BMNH R.1440, a limb element (Partial tibia), and it is not a trace fossil. Its type locality is Cuckfield pterosaurs, which is in a Valanginian terrestrial horizon in the Tunbridge Wells Sand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was recombined as Ornithocheirus curtus by Lydekker (1888); it was considered a nomen dubium by Steel et al. (2005).
Pterodactylus oweni was named by Seeley (1864). It is not extant.

It was recombined as Ptenodactylus oweni by Seeley (1869); it was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Ornithocheirus hilsensis was named by Koken (1883). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Delligsen pterosaur, which is in a Neocomian marine shale in the Elligserbrink Shale Formation of Germany.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Barrett et al. (2008).
Pterodactylus machaerorhynchus was named by Seeley (1864). It is not extant. Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was recombined as Ptenodactylus machaerorhynchus by Seeley (1869); it was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Pterodactylus hopkinsi was named by Seeley (1864). Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Pterodactylus huxleyi was named by Seeley (1865). Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Ptenodactylus polyodon was named by Seeley (1869). It is not extant. Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Ptenodactylus microdon was named by Seeley (1869). It is not extant. Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Ptenodactylus scaphorhynchus was named by Seeley (1869). It is not extant. Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Ptenodactylus macrorhinus was named by Seeley (1869). It is not extant. Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Ptenodactylus brachyrhinus was named by Seeley (1869). It is not extant. Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Ptenodactylus crassidens was named by Seeley (1869). It is not extant. Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Ptenodactylus dentatus was named by Seeley (1869). It is not extant. Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Ptenodactylus nasutus was named by Seeley (1869). It is not extant. Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Ptenodactylus tenuirostris was named by Seeley (1869). It is not extant. Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Ptenodactylus capito was named by Seeley (1869). It is not extant. Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Ptenodactylus eurygnathus was named by Seeley (1869). It is not extant. Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Ptenodactylus platystomus was named by Seeley (1869). It is not extant. Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Ptenodactylus enchorhynchus was named by Seeley (1869). It is not extant. Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Unwin (2001).
Ptenodactylus colorhinus was named by Seeley (1869). It is not extant. Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Ptenodactylus oxyrhinus was named by Seeley (1869). It is not extant. Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Ornithocheirus oxyrhinus was named by Seeley (1870). It is not a trace fossil. Its type locality is Cambridge Greensand [non-specific locality data], which is in an Albian open shallow subtidal marl in the Cambridge Greensand Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Unwin (2001).
Laopteryx priscus was named by Marsh (1881). Its type specimen is YPM 1800, a partial skull (partial braincase), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Quarry 9, Como Bluff (YPM), which is in a Kimmeridgian/Tithonian fluvial-lacustrine mudstone/sandstone in the Morrison Formation of Wyoming. It is the type species of Laopteryx.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Carpenter et al. (2003).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1834	Pterosauria Kaup
1861	Pterosauria Owen p. 270
1864	Pterodactylus hopkinsi Seeley
1864	Pterodactylus machaerorhynchus Seeley
1864	Pterodactylus oweni Seeley
1865	Pterodactylus huxleyi Seeley
1866	Pterosauria Haeckel p. CXXXVIII
1869	Ptenodactylus brachyrhinus Seeley
1869	Ptenodactylus capito Seeley
1869	Ptenodactylus colorhinus Seeley
1869	Ptenodactylus crassidens Seeley
1869	Ptenodactylus dentatus Seeley
1869	Ptenodactylus enchorhynchus Seeley
1869	Ptenodactylus eurygnathus Seeley
1869	Ptenodactylus machaerorhynchus Seeley
1869	Ptenodactylus macrorhinus Seeley
1869	Ptenodactylus microdon Seeley
1869	Ptenodactylus nasutus Seeley
1869	Ptenodactylus oweni Seeley
1869	Ptenodactylus oxyrhinus Seeley
1869	Ptenodactylus platystomus Seeley
1869	Ptenodactylus polyodon Seeley
1869	Ptenodactylus scaphorhynchus Seeley
1869	Ptenodactylus tenuirostris Seeley
1870	Pterodactylus curtus Owen
1870	Pterodactylus nobilis Owen
1870	Ornithocheirus oxyrhinus Seeley p. 117
1873	Pterodactylus suprajurensis Sauvage
1881	Laopteryx priscus Marsh
1883	Ornithocheirus hilsensis Koken p. 824
1888	Ornithocheirus curtus Lydekker
1888	Ornithocheirus nobilis Lydekker
1891	Rhamphorhynchus suprajurensis Lydekker
1902	Pterosauri Hay p. 506
1903	Pterosauria Osborn p. 276
1964	Pterosauria Estes p. 145
1975	Pterosauria Thulborn p. 267
1981	Laopteryx priscus Galton p. 1120
1984	Limnornis corneti Kessler and JurcsÃ¡k p. 397
1984	Limnornis corneti Kessler and Jurcsák p. 397
1985	Pterosauria Benton p. 154
1985	Palaeolimnornis corneti Jurcsák and Kessler p. 138
1986	Pterosauria Bakker pp. 459-460
1986	Pterosauria Gauthier
1986	Eurolimnornis Kessler and JurcsÃ¡k p. 289
1987	Eurolimnornis corneti Kessler p. 129
1988	Pterosauria Carroll
1989	Pterosauria Gauthier et al. p. 346
1990	Pterosauria Benton p. 13
1990	Pterosauria Sereno and Arcucci p. 39 fig. 7
1991	Pterosauria Olshevsky p. 59
1991	Pterosauria Sereno p. 34
1996	Palaeocursornis corneti Bock and Bühler p. 512
1996	Eurolimnornis Bock and Bühler p. 513
1996	Pterosauria Novas p. 737 fig. 10
2000	Pterosauria Delsate and Wild p. 7
2002	Eurolimnornis Hope p. 352
2006	Laopteryx priscus Chure et al. p. 236
2011	Pterosauria Nesbitt fig. 52

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