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Ziphiidae (beaked whale)

Taxonomy

Ziphiidae was named by Gray (1850) [Gray (1850) originally named the subtribe Ziphiina.]. It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Berta et al. (2006) and Uhen et al. (2008).

It was reranked as the tribe Ziphiina by Gray (1864), Gray (1865), Flower (1867), Gill (1871), Lydekker (1887), Cope (1895), Trouessart (1898), Abel (1905), True (1908), Abel (1919), Miller (1923), Dal Piaz (1929), Hay (1930), Simpson (1945), Fraser and Purves (1960), Kasuya (1973), Ginsburg and Janvier (1975), Muizon (1984), Barnes et al. (1985), Carroll (1988), Muizon (1991), Nowak (1991), Fordyce and Barnes (1994), Bianucci et al. (1994), Morgan (1994), Fordyce et al. (1995), McKenna and Bell (1997), Rice (1998), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Lambert (2005), Berta et al. (2006) and Lambert and Louwye (2006); it was reranked as the tribe Ziphiini by Moore (1968), Muizon (1991) and Bianucci et al. (1994).

It was assigned to Delphinidae by Gray (1864); to Denticete by Gill (1871) and Gill (1871); to Denticete by Gray (1866) and Gill (1873); to Odontoceta by Ameghino (1889); to Odontocete by Hay (1930); to Squaloceti by Abel (1913), Abel (1919), Portis (1925), Dal Piaz (1929) and Van Deinse (1931); to Hyperoodontidae by Moore (1968); to Cetacea by Nowak (1991); to Ziphiinae by Muizon (1991) and Bianucci et al. (1994); to Physeteridae by Lydekker (1887), Trouessart (1898) and McKenna and Bell (1997); to Delphinoidea by Gray (1865) and Norman and Mead (2001); to Physeteroidea by Gray (1871), Simpson (1945), Ginsburg and Janvier (1975), Muizon (1984) and Geisler and Sanders (2003); to Ziphioidea by Gray (1868), Cope (1895), Ellerman and Morrisson-Scott (1951), Fraser and Purves (1960), Kasuya (1973), Barnes et al. (1985), Muizon (1991), Fordyce and Barnes (1994), Bianucci et al. (1994), Fordyce et al. (1995), Rice (1998), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001) and Berta et al. (2006); to Odontoceti by Slijper (1936) and Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008); to Ziphioidea by Vidal (1991), Bianucci and Landini (2007), Whitmore and Kaltenbach (2008) and Uhen et al. (2008); to Odontoceti by Flower (1867), Abel (1905), True (1908), Miller (1923), Scheffer and Rice (1963), Pilleri (1985), Loughlin and Perez (1985), Carroll (1988), Benton (1993), Morgan (1994), Bianucci (1997), Mead and Brownell (2005), Lambert (2005), Lambert and Louwye (2006), Bianucci et al. (2007) and Bianucci et al. (2010); to Synrhina by Geisler et al. (2011); and to Eurhinodelphinoidea by Bianucci et al. (2011).

Sister taxa

Eoplatanistidae, Eurhinodelphinidae (syn. Rhabdosteidae, Eurhinodelphis salentinus)

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Synonyms

Synostodon was named by Vanden Broeck (1874) [Vanden Broeck lists Synostodon in a table, but does not include any species. ].

It was synonymized subjectively with Mioziphius by Abel (1905); it was considered a nomen nudum by Palmer (1904); it was considered an invalid subgroup of Ziphiidae by Lambert (2005).

It was assigned to Odontoceti by Vanden Broeck (1874).
Hyperoodontini was named by Moore (1968). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Hyperoodontidae by McKenna and Bell (1997).

It was assigned to Hyperoodontidae by Moore (1968).
Eboroziphius was named by Leidy (1876) [Sepkoski's age data: T Mi-u]. Its type is Eboroziphius coelops. It was considered monophyletic by Uhen et al. (2008).

It was synonymized subjectively with Choneziphius by Abel (1905); it was considered a nomen dubium by Fordyce and de Muizon (2001); it was considered a nomen dubium by Uhen and Pyenson (2007); it was considered a nomen nudum by Post et al. (2008).

It was assigned to Physeteridae by Palmer (1904); to Ziphiinae by Hay (1930); to Hyperoodontidae by McKenna and Bell (1997); to Cetacea by Sepkoski (2002); and to Ziphiidae by Simpson (1945), Carroll (1988), Lambert (2005) and Uhen et al. (2008).
Pelycorhamphus was named by Cope (1895). Its type is Pelycorhamphus pertortus. It was considered monophyletic by Uhen et al. (2008).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Fordyce and de Muizon (2001); it was considered a nomen dubium by Uhen and Pyenson (2007); it was considered a nomen nudum by Post et al. (2008).

It was assigned to Choneziphiidae by Cope (1895); to Physeteridae by Palmer (1904); to Ziphiinae by Trouessart (1898), Hay (1902), Trouessart (1904) and Hay (1930); to Hyperoodontidae by McKenna and Bell (1997); and to Ziphiidae by Lambert (2005) and Uhen et al. (2008).
Eboroziphius coelops was named by Leidy (1876) [no type specimen listed in Leidy 1876: not apparent in ANSP or USNM collections]. It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Pacific Guano Company, which is in a Zanclean marine marl in the Goose Creek Formation of South Carolina. It is the type species of Eboroziphius.

It was recombined as Choneziphius coelops by Trouessart (1898), Hay (1902) and Trouessart (1904); it was synonymized subjectively with Choneziphius planirostris by Abel (1905); it was considered a nomen nudum by Post et al. (2008).
Ziphiopsis was named by Du Bus (1868). It is not extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Choneziphius by Lydekker (1887); it was synonymized subjectively with Mioziphius by Abel (1905); it was considered a nomen dubium by Lambert (2005).

It was assigned to Ziphiidae by Du Bus (1868) and Gill (1871); to Physeteridae by Palmer (1904); and to Ziphiinae by Trouessart (1898) and Trouessart (1904).
Ziphiopsis phymatodes was named by Du Bus (1868). Its type specimen is IRSNB 3781-M.543, a skull, and it is not a trace fossil.

It was synonymized subjectively with Choneziphius planirostris by Abel (1905); it was considered a nomen dubium by Lambert (2005).
Dioplodon bononiensis was named by Capellini (1885). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Rio Predone, which is in a Pliocene marine horizon in Italy.

It was recombined as Mesoplodon bononiensis by Trouessart (1898) and Trouessart (1904); it was synonymized subjectively with Mesoplodon longirostris by Abel (1905); it was considered a nomen dubium by Bianucci (1997).
Dioplodon senensis was named by Capellini (1885). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is San Casciano dei Bagni, which is in a Pliocene marine horizon in Italy.

It was recombined as Mesoplodon senensis by Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904) and Pilleri (1987); it was synonymized subjectively with Mesoplodon longirostris by Abel (1905); it was recombined as Mesoplodon (Dioplodon) senensis by Pilleri and Pilleri (1982); it was considered a nomen dubium by Bianucci (1997).
Ziphiopsis servatus was named by Du Bus (1868). Its type specimen is IRSNB 3806-M.540, a partial skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Anvers, which is in a Miocene/Pliocene marine horizon in Belgium.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Lambert (2005).
Choneziphiidae was named by Cope (1895).

It was considered an invalid subgroup of Ziphiidae by Barnes et al. (1985).
Hyperoodontina was named by Gray (1846). It is extant. Its type is Hyperoodon. It is the type unranked clade of Hyperoodontoidea.

It was synonymized subjectively with Rhynchoceti by Huxley (1864); it was reranked as the family Hyperoodontidae by Gray (1866), Gray (1868), Moore (1968) and McKenna and Bell (1997); it was considered an invalid subgroup of Ziphiidae by Barnes et al. (1985) and Rice (1998); it was synonymized subjectively with Ziphiina by Mead and Brownell (2005).

It was assigned to Delphinidae by Gray (1846), Bonaparte (1849), Bonaparte (1850) and Gray (1864); to Ziphiidae by Gray (1865); to Denticete by Gray (1866); to Ziphioidea by Gray (1868); and to Hyperoodontoidea by Moore (1968) and McKenna and Bell (1997).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1846	Hyperoodontina Gray p. Del
1849	Hyperoodontina Bonaparte p. 618
1850	Hyperoodontina Bonaparte p. 1
1850	Ziphiidae Gray p. 241
1864	Hyperoodontina Gray p. 239
1864	Ziphiina Gray p. 241
1865	Hyperoodontina Gray p. 528
1865	Ziphiina Gray p. 529
1866	Hyperoodontidae Gray p. 62
1866	Ziphiidae Gray p. 325
1867	Ziphiina Flower p. 115
1868	Ziphiopsis servatus Du Bus
1868	Ziphiopsis Du Bus p. 628
1868	Ziphiopsis phymatodes Du Bus p. 628
1868	Hyperoodontidae Gray p. 9
1868	Ziphiidae Gray p. 10
1871	Ziphiina Gill p. 96
1871	Ziphiopsis Gill p. 96
1871	Ziphiidae Gill p. 124
1871	Ziphiidae Gray p. 99
1873	Ziphiidae Gill p. 27
1874	Ziphiopsis phymatodes Vanden Broeck p. 146
1874	Ziphiopsis servatus Vanden Broeck p. 146
1874	Synostodon Vanden Broeck p. 147
1876	Eboroziphius Leidy p. 81
1876	Eboroziphius coelops Leidy p. 81
1877	Eboroziphius coelops Leidy p. 224
1880	Ziphiopsis phymatodes Van Beneden and Gervais p. 416
1880	Ziphiopsis servatus Van Beneden and Gervais p. 416
1885	Dioplodon bononiensis Capellini p. 296 figs. Plate 1, Fig. 9-11
1885	Dioplodon senensis Capellini p. 298 figs. Plate 1, Fig. 13-16
1887	Ziphiina Lydekker p. 63
1889	Ziphiidae Ameghino p. 887
1894	Dioplodon bononiensis Vigliarolo p. 15
1894	Dioplodon senensis Vigliarolo p. 15
1895	Choneziphiidae Cope p. 137
1895	Pelycorhamphus Cope pp. 137-139
1895	Ziphiina Cope p. 137
1898	Pelycorhamphus Trouessart p. 1057
1898	Ziphiina Trouessart p. 1057
1898	Choneziphius coelops Trouessart p. 1060
1898	Ziphiopsis Trouessart p. 1061
1898	Ziphiopsis phymatodes Trouessart p. 1061
1898	Ziphiopsis servatus Trouessart p. 1061
1898	Mesoplodon bononiensis Trouessart p. 1064
1898	Mesoplodon senensis Trouessart p. 1065
1902	Choneziphius coelops Hay p. 596
1902	Pelycorhamphus Hay p. 597
1904	Eboroziphius Palmer p. 248
1904	Pelycorhamphus Palmer p. 521
1904	Ziphiopsis Palmer p. 715
1904	Pelycorhamphus Trouessart p. 775
1904	Choneziphius coelops Trouessart p. 776
1904	Ziphiopsis Trouessart p. 776
1904	Ziphiopsis phymatodes Trouessart p. 776
1904	Ziphiopsis servatus Trouessart p. 776
1904	Mesoplodon bononiensis Trouessart p. 777
1904	Mesoplodon senensis Trouessart p. 777
1905	Ziphiina Abel p. 88
1908	Ziphiina True p. 391
1911	Dioplodon bononiensis Capellini p. 115
1911	Dioplodon senensis Capellini p. 115
1913	Ziphiidae Abel p. 221
1919	Ziphiina Abel p. 767
1923	Ziphiina Miller p. 40
1925	Ziphiidae Portis p. 14
1929	Ziphiina Dal Piaz p. 82
1930	Ziphiina Hay p. 582
1930	Eboroziphius Hay p. 583
1930	Eboroziphius coelops Hay p. 583
1930	Pelycorhamphus Hay p. 583
1931	Ziphiidae Van Deinse p. 33
1936	Ziphiidae Slijper p. 549
1945	Eboroziphius Simpson p. 101
1945	Ziphiina Simpson p. 101
1951	Ziphiidae Ellerman and Morrisson-Scott p. 723
1960	Ziphiina Fraser and Purves p. 112 figs. Figure 26
1963	Ziphiidae Scheffer and Rice p. 8
1968	Ziphiini Moore p. 238
1968	Hyperoodontidae Moore p. 276
1968	Hyperoodontini Moore p. 276
1973	Ziphiina Kasuya p. 61
1975	Ziphiina Ginsburg and Janvier p. 82
1982	Mesoplodon (Dioplodon) senensis Pilleri and Pilleri p. 311
1984	Ziphiina Muizon p. 135
1985	Ziphiina Barnes et al. p. 26
1985	Ziphiidae Loughlin and Perez p. 1
1985	Ziphiidae Pilleri p. 30
1987	Mesoplodon senensis Pilleri p. 88
1988	Eboroziphius Carroll
1988	Ziphiina Carroll
1991	Ziphiini Muizon
1991	Ziphiina Muizon p. 294
1991	Ziphiina Nowak
1991	Ziphiidae Vidal p. 5
1993	Ziphiidae Benton p. 379
1994	Ziphiina Bianucci et al. p. 232
1994	Ziphiini Bianucci et al. p. 238
1994	Ziphiina Fordyce and Barnes p. 428 figs. Table 1
1994	Ziphiina Morgan p. 254
1995	Ziphiina Fordyce et al. p. 379
1997	Ziphiidae Bianucci p. 61
1997	Hyperoodontidae McKenna and Bell p. 381
1997	Pelycorhamphus McKenna and Bell p. 381
1997	Ziphiina McKenna and Bell p. 381
1997	Eboroziphius McKenna and Bell p. 382
1998	Ziphiina Rice p. 86
2001	Ziphiina Fordyce and de Muizon p. 179
2001	Ziphiidae Norman and Mead p. 1
2002	Eboroziphius Sepkoski, Jr.
2003	Ziphiina Geisler and Sanders p. 29
2005	Ziphiina Lambert p. 445
2005	Eboroziphius Lambert p. 446
2005	Pelycorhamphus Lambert p. 446
2005	Ziphiidae Mead and Brownell p. 739
2006	Ziphiina Berta et al. p. 501
2006	Ziphiina Lambert and Louwye p. 182
2007	Ziphiidae Bianucci et al. p. 565
2007	Ziphiidae Bianucci and Landini p. 45 figs. Table 2.1
2008	Ziphiidae Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 981 figs. Fig. 4.3
2008	Ziphiidae Uhen et al. p. 578
2008	Eboroziphius Uhen et al. p. 579
2008	Eboroziphius coelops Uhen et al. p. 579
2008	Pelycorhamphus Uhen et al. p. 579
2008	Ziphiidae Whitmore and Kaltenbach p. 194
2010	Ziphiidae Bianucci et al. p. 1080
2011	Ziphiidae Bianucci et al. p. 567
2011	Ziphiidae Geisler et al. p. 29 figs. Figure 5

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