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Mammuthus columbi (Columbian mammoth)

Taxonomy

Elephas columbi was named by Falconer (1857). It is not extant.

It was recombined as Elephas primigenius columbii by Cope (1893); it was recombined as Euelephas columbi by Osborn (1918); it was recombined as Parelephas columbi by Osborn (1924) and Osborn (1942); it was recombined as Mammuthus (Parelephas) columbi by Haury et al. (1953); it was recombined as Mammuthus columbi by Hibbard (1955), Hibbard and Taylor (1960), Aguirre (1969), Lundelius (1972), Maglio (1973), Puckette and Scholtz (1974), Miller (1976), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Hulbert and Pratt (1998) and Larson (1999).

Sister species

Archidiskodon celebensis, Archidiskodon weifangensis, M. exilis, M. hayi (syn. Elephas haroldcooki, Elephas scotti), M. imperator (syn. Archidiskodon sonoriensis), M. lamarmorae, M. meridionalis (syn. Archidiskodon nebrascensis, Archidiskodon scotti), M. primigenius (syn. Elephas boreus), M. trogontherii

Sister species lacking formal opinion data

M. armeniacus, M. gromovi, M. paramammonteus, M. planifrons, M. weifangensis, M. wuesti

Download authority and opinion data - View classification of included taxa

Synonyms

Elephas eellsi was named by Hay (1926).

It was synonymized subjectively with Parelephas eelsi by Osborn (1942); it was synonymized subjectively with Mammuthus jeffersonii by Kurten and Anderson (1980); it was synonymized subjectively with Mammuthus columbi by Shoshani and Tassy (1996).
Elephas floridanus was named by Osborn (1929). Its type locality is Bradenton (AMNH), which is in a Pleistocene terrestrial horizon in Florida.

It was recombined as Parelephas floridanus by Osborn (1942); it was synonymized subjectively with Mammuthus jeffersonii by Kurten and Anderson (1980); it was synonymized subjectively with Mammuthus columbi by Webb and Dudley (1995) and Shoshani and Tassy (1996); it was synonymized subjectively with Mammuthus imperator by Christiansen (2007).
Elephas jacksoni was named by Mather (1838).

It was recombined as Parelephas jacksoni by Osborn (1942); it was synonymized subjectively with Mammuthus primigenius by Kurten and Anderson (1980); it was synonymized subjectively with Mammuthus columbi by Webb and Dudley (1995) and Shoshani and Tassy (1996).
Elephas jeffersonii was named by Osborn (1922).

It was recombined as Parelephas jeffersonii by Osborn (1924) and Osborn (1942); it was recombined as Mammuthus jeffersonii by Kurten and Anderson (1980); it was misspelled as Mammuthus jeffersoni by Puckette and Scholtz (1974); it was synonymized subjectively with Mammuthus columbi by Aguirre (1969), Maglio (1973), Miller (1976), Lister (1993), Webb and Dudley (1995), Shoshani and Tassy (1996) and Pinsof (1998).
Elephas maibeni was named by Barbour (1925).

It was synonymized subjectively with Mammuthus columbi by Kurten and Anderson (1980).
Elephas roosevelti was named by Hay (1922).

It was recombined as Parelephas roosevelti by Osborn (1942); it was synonymized subjectively with Mammuthus jeffersonii by Kurten and Anderson (1980); it was synonymized subjectively with Mammuthus columbi by Webb and Dudley (1995) and Shoshani and Tassy (1996).
Elephas washingtonii was named by Osborn (1923).

It was recombined as Parelephas washingtonii by Osborn (1942); it was synonymized subjectively with Mammuthus jeffersonii by Kurten and Anderson (1980); it was synonymized subjectively with Mammuthus columbi by Shoshani and Tassy (1996).
Parelephas progressus was named by Osborn (1942) [named by Osborn 1924a as subspecies of "P. jeffersonii"; raised to species level].

It was synonymized subjectively with Mammuthus jeffersonii by Kurten and Anderson (1980); it was synonymized subjectively with Mammuthus columbi by Shoshani and Tassy (1996).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1838	Elephas jacksoni Mather
1857	Elephas columbi Falconer
1893	Elephas primigenius columbii Cope p. 897
1918	Euelephas columbi Osborn
1922	Elephas roosevelti Hay
1922	Elephas jeffersonii Osborn
1923	Elephas washingtonii Osborn
1924	Parelephas columbi Osborn
1924	Parelephas jeffersonii Osborn
1925	Elephas maibeni Barbour
1926	Elephas eellsi Hay
1929	Elephas floridanus Osborn
1931	Elephas columbi Elftman p. 12
1942	Parelephas columbi Osborn
1942	Parelephas floridanus Osborn
1942	Parelephas jacksoni Osborn
1942	Parelephas jeffersonii Osborn
1942	Parelephas progressus Osborn
1942	Parelephas roosevelti Osborn
1942	Parelephas washingtonii Osborn
1953	Mammuthus (Parelephas) columbi Haury et al. p. 21
1955	Mammuthus columbi Hibbard
1960	Mammuthus columbi Hibbard and Taylor
1969	Mammuthus columbi Aguirre
1972	Mammuthus columbi Lundelius, Jr.
1973	Mammuthus columbi Maglio
1974	Mammuthus columbi Puckette and Scholtz p. 55
1974	Mammuthus jeffersoni Puckette and Scholtz p. 55
1976	Mammuthus columbi Miller
1980	Mammuthus columbi Kurten and Anderson
1980	Mammuthus jeffersonii Kurten and Anderson
1981	Elephas columbi Thurmond and Jones p. 181
1998	Mammuthus columbi Hulbert, Jr. and Pratt
1999	Mammuthus columbi Larson p. 532

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