The Paleobiology Database

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Relationships
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	Map	Age range and collections

Dinosauria (dinosaur)

Taxonomy

Dinosauria was named by Owen (1842). It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Nesbitt (2011).

It was corrected as Dinosaurii by Bonaparte (1850); it was reranked as the subclass Dinosauria by Haeckel (1866), Marsh (1884) and Bakker (1986); it was reranked as the suborder Dinosauria by Cope (1870) and Huxley (1870); it was reranked as the superorder Dinosauria by Nopcsa (1923); it was reranked as the unranked clade Dinosauria by Gauthier and Padian (1985), Gauthier (1986), Brinkman and Sues (1987), Gauthier et al. (1989), Benton (1990), Sereno (1991), Novas (1992), Novas (1996), Fraser et al. (2002), Irmis (2005), Ezcurra (2006), Irmis et al. (2007) and Nesbitt (2011).

It was assigned to Rhizodonta by Bonaparte (1850); to Ornithoscelida by Huxley (1870); to Diapsida by Osborn (1903), Lambe (1905) and Broom (1909); to Daptosauria by Broom (1913); to Reptilia by Owen (1855), Owen (1861), Haeckel (1866), Marsh (1884), Marsh (1885), Cope (1889), Cope (1891), Marsh (1896), Cope (1898), Hay (1902), Hatcher (1903), von Zittel (1911), Lull (1915), Lull (1917) and Nopcsa (1923); to Ornithosuchia by Gauthier and Padian (1985); to Archosauria by Bakker (1986); to Archosauria by Brinkman and Sues (1987); to Ornithosuchia by Gauthier et al. (1989); to Ornithodira by Gauthier (1986) and Benton (1990); to Dinosauromorpha by Sereno (1991); to Archosauria by Cope (1870), Lydekker (1888), Cooper (1981) and Peng et al. (2001); and to Dinosauriformes by Novas (1992), Long and Murry (1995), Novas (1996), Fraser et al. (2002), Irmis (2005), Ezcurra (2006), Irmis et al. (2007) and Nesbitt (2011).

Download authority and opinion data - View classification of included taxa

Synonyms

Teyuwasu barberenai was named by Kischlat (1999). Its type specimen is BSP AS XXV 53-54, a set of limb elements, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Sanga 3, Große Sanga, Santa Maria (lower), which is in a Carnian/Norian terrestrial horizon in the Santa Maria Formation of Brazil. It is the type species of Teyuwasu.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Langer (2004) and Langer et al. (2007).
Neosauropus was named by Antunes (1976). It is considered to be a form taxon.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Lockley et al. (1995).
Neosauropus lagosteirensis was named by Antunes (1976). It is considered to be a form taxon. It is a trace fossil.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Lockley et al. (1995).
Elephantopoides was named by Kaever and Lapparent (1974). It is considered to be a form taxon. Its type is Elephantopoides barkhausensis.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Lockley et al. (1995) and Le Loeuff et al. (2006).

It was assigned to Cetiosaurinae by Kaever and Lapparent (1974).
Elephantopoides barkhausensis was named by Kaever and Lapparent (1974). It is considered to be a form taxon. It is a trace fossil. Its type locality is Barkhausen tracksite (upper), which is in a Kimmeridgian paralic sandstone/claystone in Germany. It is the type species of Elephantopoides.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Lockley et al. (1995).
Mirsosauropus tursunzadevi was named by Dzhalilov and Novikov (1987). It is considered to be a form taxon. It is a trace fossil.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Lockley et al. (1995); it was synonymized subjectively with Megalosauripus uzbekistanicus by Lockley et al. (2000).
Acanthopholis was named by Huxley (1867). Its type is Acanthopholis horridus. It is the type genus of Acanthopholidae, Acanthopholididae.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Pereda Suberbiola and Barrett (1999), Ford (2000) and Carpenter (2001); it was considered a nomen dubium by Vickaryous et al. (2004) and Naish and Martill (2008).

It was assigned to Dinosauria by Seeley (1869); to Scelidosauria by Sauvage (1882); to Scelidosauridae by Huxley (1870), Marsh (1880), Sauvage (1882), Marsh (1884), Marsh (1885), Lydekker (1888), Marsh (1896), Lucas (1902) and Lydekker (1904); to Omosauridae by Huene (1909); to Stegosauridae by von Zittel (1911); to Acanthopholidae by Nopcsa (1928), Stromer (1934), Romer (1956), Simmons (1965), Romer (1966) and Swinton (1970); to Acanthopholididae by Nopcsa (1902), Nopcsa (1915), Kuhn (1964) and Buffetaut et al. (1981); and to Nodosauridae by Marsh (1882), Coombs (1978), Coombs (1978), Tumanova (1987), Carroll (1988), Pereda Suberbiola and Galton (1997) and Pereda Suberbiola and Galton (2001).
Astrodon pusillus was named by Lapparent and Zbyszewski (1957). Its type specimen is MGSP H. Its type locality is Casal da Pedreira, which is in a Kimmeridgian/Tithonian terrestrial horizon in Portugal.

It was synonymized subjectively with Dacentrurus armatus by Galton (1981), Galton (1990), Galton (1991), Galton (1994), Pereda Suberbiola and Galton (2001) and Galton and Upchurch (2004); it was considered a nomen dubium by Maidment et al. (2008).
Omosaurus phillipsi was named by Seeley (1893). Its type specimen is YPM 498, a limb element (left femur), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Earl of Carlisle's estate, Slingsby (YM 498), which is in an Oxfordian marine wackestone in the Corallian Oolite Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was recombined as Dacentrurus phillipsi by Hennig (1915) and Galton (1985); it was considered a nomen dubium by Galton (1983), Galton (1990), Galton and Upchurch (2004), Maidment et al. (2008) and Ruiz-Omeñaca et al. (2013).
Omosaurus vetustus was named by Huene (1910). It is not extant. Its type specimen is OUM J.14000. Its type locality is Enslow Bridge stegosaur, which is in a Bathonian marine horizon in the Cornbrash Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was recombined as Dacentrurus vetustus by Kuhn (1964); it was recombined as Lexovisaurus vetustus by Galton et al. (1980) and Galton (1985); it was considered a nomen dubium by Galton (1990), Galton and Upchurch (2004), Maidment et al. (2008) and Ruiz-Omeñaca et al. (2013).
Acanthopholis macrocercus was named by Seeley (1869). It is not a trace fossil.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Woodward and Sherborn (1890); it was considered a nomen dubium by Ford (2000), Carpenter (2001) and Vickaryous et al. (2004).
Acanthopholis stereocercus was named by Seeley (1869). It is not a trace fossil.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Ford (2000), Carpenter (2001) and Vickaryous et al. (2004).
Sauropodichnus was named by Calvo (1991). It is considered to be a form taxon.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Lockley et al. (1995).

It was assigned to Sauropoda by Calvo (1991) and Calvo and Mazzetta (2004); and to Titanosauria by González Riga and Calvo (2007).
Eudinosauria was named by Novas (1992). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Dinosauria by Holtz and Padian (1995).

It was assigned to Dinosauria by Novas (1992) and Novas (1992).
Camposaurus arizonensis was named by Hunt et al. (1998). Its type specimen is UCMP 34498, a set of postcrania, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Placerias Quarry, UCMP A269, which is in a Norian wet floodplain mudstone/claystone in the Chinle Formation of Arizona. It is the type species of Camposaurus.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Parker (2005) and Irmis (2005); it was considered a nomen dubium by Nesbitt et al. (2007).
Gigantosauropus was named by Mensink and Mertmann (1984). It is considered to be a form taxon.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Lockley et al. (1995) and Le Loeuff et al. (2006).

It was assigned to Megalosauridae by Mensink and Mertmann (1984).
Gigantosauropus asturiensis was named by Mensink and Mertmann (1984). It is a trace fossil. Its type locality is Colunga tracksite, which is in a Kimmeridgian marginal marine sandstone/marl in the Tereñes Marl Formation of Spain.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Lockley et al. (1995).
Mirsosauropus was named by Dzhalilov and Novikov (1987). It is considered to be a form taxon.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Lockley et al. (1995); it was synonymized subjectively with Megalosauripus by Lockley et al. (2000).
Yunnanpus was named by Chen and Huang (1993). Its type is Yunnanpus huangcaoensis.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Lockley et al. (2002) and Xing et al. (2009).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1842	Dinosauria Owen p. 103
1850	Dinosaurii Bonaparte
1855	Dinosauria Owen p. 1
1861	Dinosauria Owen p. 285
1866	Dinosauria Haeckel p. CXXXV
1867	Acanthopholis Huxley p. 67 figs. Pl. 5
1869	Acanthopholis Seeley p. xvii
1869	Acanthopholis macrocercus Seeley p. xvii
1869	Acanthopholis stereocercus Seeley p. xvii
1870	Dinosauria Cope pp. 32-33
1870	Acanthopholis Huxley p. 34
1870	Dinosauria Huxley p. 34
1879	Acanthopholis stereocercus Seeley pp. 628-631
1880	Acanthopholis Marsh
1882	Acanthopholis Marsh
1882	Acanthopholis stereocercus Sauvage p. 30
1882	Acanthopholis Sauvage p. 35
1884	Acanthopholis Marsh p. 68
1884	Dinosauria Marsh p. 68
1885	Dinosauria Marsh p. 763
1885	Acanthopholis Marsh p. 764
1888	Dinosauria Lydekker p. 131
1888	Acanthopholis Lydekker p. 183
1889	Dinosauria Cope p. 15
1890	Acanthopholis stereocercus Woodward and Sherborn p. 209
1891	Dinosauria Cope p. 35
1893	Omosaurus phillipsi Seeley p. 57 fig. 1b
1896	Dinosauria Marsh p. 238
1896	Acanthopholis Marsh p. 243
1898	Dinosauria Cope p. 68
1902	Dinosauria Hay p. 481
1902	Acanthopholis Lucas p. 435
1902	Acanthopholis Nopcsa p. 102
1902	Acanthopholis stereocercus Nopcsa p. 102
1903	Dinosauria Hatcher p. 54
1903	Dinosauria Osborn p. 276
1904	Acanthopholis Lydekker p. 60
1904	Acanthopholis stereocercus Lydekker p. 60
1905	Dinosauria Lambe p. 48
1909	Dinosauria Broom p. 289
1909	Acanthopholis Huene p. 17
1910	Omosaurus vetustus Huene p. 76 fig. 7
1911	Dinosauria von Zittel p. 273
1911	Acanthopholis von Zittel p. 294
1913	Dinosauria Broom p. 364
1915	Dacentrurus phillipsi Hennig p. 11
1915	Dinosauria Lull p. 117
1915	Acanthopholis Nopcsa p. 13
1917	Dinosauria Lull p. 114
1923	Dinosauria Nopcsa p. 125
1928	Acanthopholis Nopcsa p. 73
1934	Acanthopholis Stromer p. 66
1956	Acanthopholis Romer p. 635
1957	Omosaurus vetustus Hoffstetter pp. 543-544
1957	Astrodon pusillus Lapparent and Zbyszewski p. 44
1962	Astrodon pusillus Kingham p. 40
1964	Dacentrurus vetustus Kuhn p. 35
1964	Acanthopholis Kuhn p. 40
1964	Acanthopholis macrocercus Kuhn p. 40
1964	Acanthopholis stereocercus Kuhn p. 40
1965	Acanthopholis Simmons p. 70
1966	Acanthopholis Romer p. 370
1970	Astrodon pusillus Steel p. 67
1970	Acanthopholis Swinton p. 244
1974	Elephantopoides Kaever and Lapparent p. 524
1974	Elephantopoides barkhausensis Kaever and Lapparent p. 524
1976	Neosauropus Antunes
1976	Neosauropus lagosteirensis Antunes
1978	Acanthopholis Coombs, Jr. p. 144
1980	Lexovisaurus vetustus Galton et al. p. 41
1981	Acanthopholis Buffetaut et al. p. 279
1981	Dinosauria Cooper p. 694
1984	Gigantosauropus Mensink and Mertmann
1984	Gigantosauropus asturiensis Mensink and Mertmann
1985	Dacentrurus phillipsi Galton p. 235 fig. 15
1985	Lexovisaurus vetustus Galton p. 246 fig. 15
1985	Dinosauria Gauthier and Padian pp. 187-189 fig. 1
1986	Dinosauria Bakker p. 472
1986	Dinosauria Gauthier p. 54 fig. 8
1987	Dinosauria Brinkman and Sues p. 494
1987	Mirsosauropus Dzhalilov and Novikov
1987	Mirsosauropus tursunzadevi Dzhalilov and Novikov
1987	Acanthopholis Tumanova
1988	Acanthopholis Carroll
1989	Dinosauria Gauthier et al. p. 346
1990	Dinosauria Benton p. 13
1991	Sauropodichnus Calvo p. 249
1991	Dinosauria Sereno p. 23
1992	Eudinosauria Novas pp. 59-60 fig. 6
1992	Dinosauria Novas p. 134
1993	Yunnanpus Chen and Huang
1995	Dinosauria Long and Murry p. 171
1996	Dinosauria Novas p. 737 fig. 10
1997	Acanthopholis Pereda Suberbiola and Galton p. 213
1998	Camposaurus arizonensis Hunt et al. p. 515 fig. 2
1999	Teyuwasu barberenai Kischlat
2001	Dinosauria Peng et al. p. 33
2001	Acanthopholis Pereda Suberbiola and Galton p. 201
2002	Dinosauria Fraser et al. p. 92 fig. 9
2004	Sauropodichnus Calvo and Mazzetta p. 546
2004	Camposaurus arizonensis Tykoski and Rowe p. 48
2005	Dinosauria Irmis p. 81
2006	Dinosauria Ezcurra p. 657 fig. 3
2007	Sauropodichnus González Riga and Calvo p. 177
2007	Dinosauria Irmis et al. p. 361 fig. 3
2007	Camposaurus arizonensis Spielmann et al. p. 385
2010	Teyuwasu barberenai Langer et al. p. 75
2011	Dinosauria Nesbitt p. 210 fig. 52

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data