Marmes Rockshelter (A6–16 horizon)
Basic information
Sample name: Marmes Rockshelter (A6–16 horizon)
Reference: R. L. Lyman. 2014. Terminal Pleistocene change in mammal communities in southeastern Washington State, USA. Quaternary Research 81(2):295-304 [ER 3771]
Geography
Country: United States
State: Washington
Coordinate: 46° 36' 51" N, 118° 12' 8" W
Coordinate basis: stated in text
Time interval: Late Pleistocene
Section: 3771
Unit number: 1
Unit order: below to above
Max Ma: 0.01083
Min Ma: 0.01027
Age basis: radiocarbon (uncalibrated)
Geography comments: "Marmes Rockshelter is situated at the confluence of the Snake and Palouse Rivers, in Franklin County, southeastern Washington, USA".
"Radiocarbon dates on materials from the A6–16 horizon indicate that it was deposited between 10,270 and 10,830 BP (around 12,880 to 11,600 cal. BP)".
"Radiocarbon dates on materials from the A6–16 horizon indicate that it was deposited between 10,270 and 10,830 BP (around 12,880 to 11,600 cal. BP)".
Environment
Lithology: not described
Taphonomic context: fluvial deposit
Archaeology: stone tools
Habitat comments: The A6–16 horizon is one of three main horizons of the floodplain sediments located in front of the Marmes Rockshelter, where a trench was excavated for stratigraphic analysis.
These deposits have been interpreted as "alluvial overbank sediments, superimposed as a series of weakly developed pedogenic horizons". The floodplain stratigraphic sequence consists of alternating dark and light layers; the dark layers contained artifacts [presumably stone tools] and faunal remains, while the light layers produced very few artifacts and faunal remains". Many of the faunal remains in both horizons were accumulated and deposited by natural, as opposed to anthropogenic, processes".
These deposits have been interpreted as "alluvial overbank sediments, superimposed as a series of weakly developed pedogenic horizons". The floodplain stratigraphic sequence consists of alternating dark and light layers; the dark layers contained artifacts [presumably stone tools] and faunal remains, while the light layers produced very few artifacts and faunal remains". Many of the faunal remains in both horizons were accumulated and deposited by natural, as opposed to anthropogenic, processes".
Methods
Life forms: carnivores,rodents,other small mammals
Sampling methods: quarry
Sample size: 82 specimens
Years: 1968 - 1969
Sampling comments: "Excavations at Marmes Rockshelter took place in the 1960s. Excavations in 1962–1964 focused on sediments within the rockshelter itself; excavations in 1968–1969 focused on floodplain sediments. Approximately 10,000 m3 of overburden was removed mechanically, while another 500 m3 was removed by hand".
Metadata
Sample number: 4077
Contributor: Benjamin Carter
Enterer: Benjamin Carter
Created: 2023-02-22 16:28:55
Modified: 2023-05-30 03:30:58
Abundance distribution
13 species
3 singletons
total count 82
geometric series index: 22.6
Fisher's α: 4.351
geometric series k: 0.7759
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.8386
Shannon's H: 2.0903
Good's u: 0.9640
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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Register
| Sorex sp. | 1 | |
| Sylvilagus cf. nuttallii | 2 | 882 g |
| Lepus sp. | 3 | |
| Marmota cf. flaviventris | 4 | |
| Thomomys talpoides | 2 | |
| also 25 Thomomys sp. | ||
| Perognathus parvus | 17 | 21.8 g |
| Peromyscus maniculatus | 12 | 19.1 g |
| Neotoma cinerea | 12 | 240 g |
| also 15 Neotoma sp. | ||
| Microtus sp. | 21 | |
| also 84 "Microtinae" indet. | ||
| Lemmiscus curtatus | 1 | 30.3 g |
| Vulpes vulpes | 3 | 5.3 kg carnivore-insectivore |
| Taxidea taxus | 1 | 7.0 kg carnivore |
| Canis spp. | 3 | |
| "coyote/dog/wolf" | ||