Imanay Cave (Pleistocene Layer 4)
Basic information
Sample name: Imanay Cave (Pleistocene Layer 4)
Reference: D. Gimranov and P. Kosintsev. 2020. Quaternary large mammals from the Imanay Cave. Quaternary International 546:125-134 [ER 3799]
Geography
Country: Russia
Coordinate: 53° 2' N, 56° 26' E
Coordinate basis: stated in text
Time interval: Late Pleistocene
Geography comments: "The Imanay Cave is located in a mountainous region in the Southern Urals".
Although there are several radiocarbon dates on cave bear and cave lion remains (all from Layer 1; 46 to 26 ka), the entire faunal complex likely accumulated over the entire Late Pleistocene.
Although there are several radiocarbon dates on cave bear and cave lion remains (all from Layer 1; 46 to 26 ka), the entire faunal complex likely accumulated over the entire Late Pleistocene.
Environment
Lithology: sandstone
Taphonomic context: cave
Habitat comments: "The Imanay Cave was formed in grey dolomite limestone of the Kungurian stage of the Lower Permian. In total, four lithological layers were detected during the excavation. Accumulation of the bones was not related to human or other large terrestrial carnivore activity, thus it emerged as a result of natural mortality of the animals".
Methods
Life forms: carnivores,rodents,ungulates
Sampling methods: quarry,screenwash
Sample size: 3859 specimens
Sampling comments: "A 6 m2 excavation unit was placed in the inner part of the cave. More than 10,000 animal bone specimens were excavated from the 12 m3 deposits. The deposits were excavated in 10 cm horizons. All sediments were rinsed in water and sieved using 0.5 and 1.0 mm mesh".
Metadata
Sample number: 4148
Contributor: Benjamin Carter
Enterer: Benjamin Carter
Created: 2023-02-28 15:09:47
Modified: 2023-02-28 04:09:47
Abundance distribution
16 species
5 singletons
total count 3859
geometric series index: 31.6
Fisher's α: 2.133
geometric series k: 0.5778
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.0587
Shannon's H: 0.1889
Good's u: 0.9987
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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Register
| Castor fiber | 2 | |
| Panthera sp. | 57 | |
| "ex gr. fossilis-spelaea" | ||
| Cuon sp. | 2 | |
| Canis lupus | 11 | 43 kg carnivore |
| also 1 Canis sp. | ||
| Vulpes vulpes | 1 | 5.3 kg carnivore-insectivore |
| also 14 Vulpes sp. | ||
| Meles sp. | 2 | |
| Gulo gulo | 2 | 13 kg |
| Mustela erminea | 1 | 121 g |
| Mustela sp. | 1 | |
| "ex gr. putorius-eversmanii" | ||
| Ursus sp. | 3743 | |
| extinct "small cave bear" species originally described as Ursus “savini” | ||
| Ursus arctos | 9 | 156 kg frugivore-carnivore |
| Ursus thibetanus | 2 | 63 kg browser-frugivore |
| Mammuthus primigenius | 1 | |
| Equus ferus | 1 | 422 kg |
| Saiga tatarica | 13 | 28 kg |
| Ovis ammon | 11 | 76 kg browser-grazer |