Kvabebi
Basic information
Sample name: Kvabebi

Reference: J. Agusti, A. Vekua, O. Oms, D. Lordkipanidze, M. Bukhsianidze, G. Kiladze, and L. Rook. 2009. The Pliocene-Pleistocene succession of Kvabebi (Georgia) and the background to the early human occupation of Southern Caucasus. Quaternary Science Reviews 28:3275-3280 [ER 3884]
Geography
Country: Georgia

State: Kakheti

County: Sighnaghi

Coordinate: 41.473862° N, 45.741837° E
Latlng basis: estimated from map

Formation: Akchagylian Basin

Time interval: Late Pliocene

Ma: 3.07

Age basis: paleomag

Geography comments: The Kvabebi site is located in the "area surrounding Kvabebi Mountain to the south of the village of Magaro"

Coordinates estimated from Kevabebi Mountain

Age established through paleomag ("Site should have an age bracketed by the polarity reversals of chron 2An.1r, i.e., 3.04 and 3.11 Ma") and correlation with the European biochronological scale

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Environment
Lithology: siliciclastic (mixed)

Taphonomic context: fluvial deposit

Habitat comments: "Kvabebi site is the result of accumulation due to tractive processes in a fluvial influenced environment"

"Bone and bone fragments are reworked and more or less scattered within sandstones and shales"

Fossil bones are typically found anatomically disconnected, most bones are isolated with no evidence of carnivore damage and "may be very well preserved"

Methods
Life forms: carnivores, rodents, ungulates, other large mammals

Sampling methods: quarry

Sample size: 808 specimens

Sampled by: G. Avakov, A. Vekua, J. Agusti

Net or trap nights: 0

Basal area status: not applicable

Sampling comments: "In recent years" a joint Georgian-Spanish team began re-prospecting and re-excavating the Kvabebi section

A paleomagnetic analysis was conducted on the series, consisting of field sampling with a drilling machine from >20 levels

Obtained a minimum of three cores from each sampled level

Metadata
Sample no: 4263

Contributor no: Jack Nesbitt

Enterer: Jack Nesbitt

Created: 2023-05-11 16:27:24

Modified: 2023-05-12 00:58:15

Abundance distribution
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts. Values are logged.
Statistics
23 species
4 singletons
total count 808
geometric series index: 32.6
Fisher's α: 4.409
geometric series k: 0.7804
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.8604
Shannon's H: 2.3069
Good's u: 0.9951
Register
†Nyctereutes megamastoides (raccoon dog)70
Eucyon sp. 1
†Ursus minimus (bear)2
†Lynx issiodorensis (lynx)8
†Homotherium latidens (saber-toothed cat)7
"H. davitashvili": see Anton et al. (2014)
†Puma pardoides 2
†Dinofelis cristata (saber-toothed cat)1
"Dinofelis abelis"
†Chasmaporthetes lunensis (hyena)1
"Chasmaportetes lunensis"
†Hystrix cf. primigenia (porcupine)2
†Propotamochoerus provincialis 37
Eucladoceros sp. 6
Pseudalces sp. 6
questionably assigned
Procapreolus sp. 9
†Ioribos aceros 234
†Protoryx heinrichi 72
Oryx (Aegoryx) sp. 1
†Gazellospira torticornis sokolovi (bovid)84
"Parastrepsiceros sokolovi"
†Eosyncerus ivericus 3
†Gazella postmitilinii (gazelle)80
Hipparion rocinantis = †Plesiohipparion rocinantis (horse)83
Dihoplus megarhinus = †Pliorhinus megarhinus (rhinoceros)53
"Stephanorhinus megarhinus"
†Kvabebihyrax kachethicus 11
†Anancus arvernensis 35