El Horno Cave (Level 2)
Basic information
Sample name: El Horno Cave (Level 2)
Reference: M. A. Fano, A. García-Moreno, A. Chauvin, I. Clemente-Conte, S. Costamagno, I. Elorrieta-Baigorri, N. E. Pascual, and A. Tarriño. 2016. Contribution of landscape analysis to the characterisation of Palaeolithic sites: A case study from El Horno Cave (northern Spain). Quaternary International 412:82-98 [ER 3080]
Geography
Country: Spain
State: Cantabria
Coordinate: 43° 15' N, 3° 27' W
Coordinate basis: stated in text
Time interval: Late Pleistocene
Section: 3080
Unit number: 2
Unit order: above to below
Max Ma: 0.013092
Min Ma: 0.0118
Age basis: radiocarbon (calibrated)
Geography comments: "in the middle Ason valley, at the base of a vertical wall on the south-west side of Monte Pando"
coordinate based on Cueva de Covalanas
"A sample of bones from the upper part of the level (all collected at the same depth) was used for the radiocarbon determination GX-27456 (12,250±190 BP,13,092-11,800 cal BC"
coordinate based on Cueva de Covalanas
"A sample of bones from the upper part of the level (all collected at the same depth) was used for the radiocarbon determination GX-27456 (12,250±190 BP,13,092-11,800 cal BC"
Environment
Lithology: limestone
Taphonomic context: cave,human accumulation
Habitat comments: "0.23 m thick, a brown sediment, very rich in organic matter and with abundant archaeological material"
"the impact of carnivores is very limited (less than 1% of the toothmarks on the remains). Taphonomic analysis strongly suggests a human origin for the fauna"
"the impact of carnivores is very limited (less than 1% of the toothmarks on the remains). Taphonomic analysis strongly suggests a human origin for the fauna"
Methods
Life forms: carnivores,ungulates,other small mammals
Sampling methods: quarry
Sample size: 844 specimens
Years: 1999 - 2007
Metadata
Sample number: 3354
Contributor: John Alroy
Enterer: John Alroy
Created: 2019-08-26 15:05:23
Modified: 2023-04-29 00:36:28
Abundance distribution
8 species
1 singleton
total count 844
geometric series index: 11.5
Fisher's α: 1.224
geometric series k: 0.3955
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.3489
Shannon's H: 0.6415
Good's u: 0.9988
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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| Carnivora indet. | 4 | |
| Sus scrofa | 1 | 54 kg herbivore |
| Equus ferus | 5 | 422 kg |
| "Equus caballus": not domesticated | ||
| Cervus elaphus | 162 | 142 kg browser-grazer |
| Capreolus capreolus | 2 | 22 kg browser |
| Capra pyrenaica | 661 | |
| Rupicapra pyrenaica | 3 | |
| Lepus sp. | 6 | |