Kunal - Period IA (Pre-Harappan - Layer 6)
Basic information
Sample name: Kunal - Period IA (Pre-Harappan - Layer 6)
Reference: P. P. Joglekar, K. N. Dikshit, B. R. Mani, and B. Bhattcharya. 2018. Animal remains from Pre-Harappan and Early Harappan contexts at Kunal (2016-2017), Fatehabad District, Haryana. Bulletin of the Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute 78:17-34 [ER 3373]
Geography
Country: India
State: Haryana
Coordinate: 29° 30' N, 75° 41' E
Coordinate basis: stated in text
Time interval: Holocene
Section: 3373
Unit number: 2
Unit order: above to below
Max Ma: 0.0075
Min Ma: 0.00525
Age basis: stage
Geography comments: "The site of Kunal in Fatehabad District, Haryana is located
12 km from Hansi town"
"Three cultural periods were recognised ... material collected from the Pre-Harappan and Early Harappan periods" are focused on
The Pre-Harappan period ranges from 5500–3300 BC
12 km from Hansi town"
"Three cultural periods were recognised ... material collected from the Pre-Harappan and Early Harappan periods" are focused on
The Pre-Harappan period ranges from 5500–3300 BC
Environment
Lithology: not described
Taphonomic context: human accumulation,settlement
Archaeology: bone tools,ceramics,hearths,metal tools,stone tools,other artifacts,other structures
Habitat comments: Artefacts uncovered at the Kunal site include tribal head attire, copper spearheads, steatite seals with geometrical patterns, terracotta antiques, arrowheads, fish hooks, two crowns, bangles, silver beads, gold pendants and over 12,000 beads of semi precious stones.
Bone tools, micro blades made of chalcedony, copper fish hooks and arrow heads and various other artefacts were also found here.
The paper primarily reports and focuses on the faunal remains, although there is mention of a hearth and pit from this period with faunal remains, as well as several skeletal elements that contain cut marks and "evidence of charring activities".
Bone tools, micro blades made of chalcedony, copper fish hooks and arrow heads and various other artefacts were also found here.
The paper primarily reports and focuses on the faunal remains, although there is mention of a hearth and pit from this period with faunal remains, as well as several skeletal elements that contain cut marks and "evidence of charring activities".
Methods
Life forms: ungulates,birds,clams,snails
Sampling methods: quarry
Sample size: 82 specimens
Sampling comments: "The site was excavated ... during the 2016-2017 field season"
Skeletal elements from each locus of four trenches excavated "were
classified into broad groups" with "three categories made on a rough size
estimate" (small, medium, large)
They were subsequently identified "as per the protocol of faunal identification"
Skeletal elements from each locus of four trenches excavated "were
classified into broad groups" with "three categories made on a rough size
estimate" (small, medium, large)
They were subsequently identified "as per the protocol of faunal identification"
Metadata
Sample number: 3740
Contributor: Benjamin Carter
Enterer: Benjamin Carter
Created: 2021-05-26 12:52:30
Modified: 2023-04-29 03:07:02
Abundance distribution
11 species
4 singletons
total count 82
extrapolated richness: 22.1
Fisher's α: 3.418
geometric series k: 0.6969
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.7227
Shannon's H: 1.6698
Good's u: 0.9515
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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Register
| Bos taurus indicus | 18 | 337 kg |
| "Bos indicus" | ||
| Bos gaurus | 4 | 481 kg |
| Bubalus arnee | 1 | |
| also 49 Bovinae indet. "Bos/Bubalus" | ||
| Caprinae indet. | 10 | |
| "Capra/Ovis" | ||
| Cervus unicolor | 1 | 100 kg grazer-browser |
| Tetracerus quadricornis | 3 | |
| Antilope cervicapra | 2 | 41 kg |
| Bubulcus coromandus | 1 | |
| "Bubulcus ibis" (restricted to the Western Hemisphere) | ||
| Lamellidens sp. | 1 | |
| Digoniostoma pulchella | 37 | |
| Corbicula regularis | 4 | |
Current reference:
Herzog et al. 2003 (ER 1261)