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Ulucak Höyük (Level V)
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Basic information
Sample name: Ulucak Höyük (Level V)

Reference: C. Cakirlar. 2012. The evolution of animal husbandry in Neolithic central-west Anatolia: the zooarchaeological record from Ulucak Höyük (c. 7040-5660 cal. BC, Izmir, Turkey). Anatolian Studies 62:1-33 [ER 3762]
Geography
Country: Turkey

State: İzmir


Coordinate: 38° 28' 0" N, 27° 21' 7" E
Coordinate basis: estimated from map

Time interval: Holocene

Section: 3762

Unit number: 2

Unit order: above to below

Max Ma: 0.00855

Min Ma: 0.008

Age basis: radiocarbon (calibrated)

Geography comments: "Ulucak Höyük is situated 9 km east of the İzmir Bay on the western end of the Kemalpaşa Plain, 221 m asl near the Belkahve Pass, in western Anatolia, Turkey".
Radiocarbon dates place Level V to c. 6600-6050 cal. BC (at the two sigma range).

Environment
Lithology: not described

Taphonomic context: human accumulation,settlement

Archaeology: bone tools,buildings,ceramics,hearths,stone tools,other artifacts,other structures

Habitat comments: "The Neolithic mound of Ulucak Höyük covers a surface area of three hectares and consists of a long, seemingly uninterrupted occupational sequence".
"Level V is marked by the appearance of pottery at Ulucak, along with rectangular wattle and daub houses. An exception to the architectural styles of Level V is a partially-recovered building with massive stone foundations in Level Vd. Many objects were found inside the buildings. These include ovens, hearths, platforms, grain storage areas, pottery, stone tools, bench weights, and grinding tools. Other objects such as figurines and anthropomorphic vessels were also found".

Methods
Life forms: carnivores,ungulates,other small mammals,birds,turtles

Sampling methods: quarry

Sample size: 2189 specimens

Years: 1995 -

Sampling comments: "Systematic excavations in the mound started in 1995. The majority of Ulucak’s faunal assemblage has been recovered through hand-collecting techniques. A considerable portion of the archaeological deposits has been wet sieved since 2009, although analysis of the sieved material is ongoing". The counts below pertain to the hand collected specimens only.

Metadata
Sample number: 4023

Contributor: Benjamin Carter

Enterer: Benjamin Carter

Created: 2022-10-20 13:45:13

Modified: 2023-05-30 02:26:03

Abundance distribution
14 species
2 singletons
total count 2189
extrapolated richness: 17.9
Fisher's α: 2.000
geometric series k: 0.5963
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.7105
Shannon's H: 1.5235
Good's u: 0.9991
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
Register
Bos taurus785337 kg
also 3 Bos sp. "cattle/aurochs"
Ovis aries23641 kg
also 2463 Caprinae indet.
Capra aegagrus hircus11622 kg browser-grazer
includes 14 wild goat
Sus scrofa domesticus82954 kg herbivore
includes 13 wild boar
Canis lupus familiaris1143 kg carnivore
Dama dama9262 kg
Cervus elaphus3104 kg
also 16 Cervini indet. "fallow/red deer"
Capreolus capreolus2322 kg browser
Panthera pardus133 kg carnivore
Vulpes vulpes65.3 kg carnivore-insectivore
also 7 Caninae indet. "dog/red fox"
Meles meles111 kg invertivore-herbivore
Lepus europaeus663.4 kg herbivore
Testudinidae indet.3
most likely Testudo graeca
Aves indet.17
Current reference: Shotwell 1968 (ER 3992)