SELECT * FROM sessions,people WHERE ip=20315109220 AND enterer=person_noSELECT p.first_name AS contributor_first,p.last_name AS contributor_last,p2.first_name AS enterer_first,p2.last_name AS enterer_last,t.* FROM people p,people p2,samples t WHERE t.contributor_no=p.person_no AND t.enterer_no=p2.person_no AND t.sample_no=3907 GROUP BY t.sample_noSELECT * FROM samples WHERE sample_no=3907SELECT person_no,first_name,last_name FROM peopleSELECT * FROM refs WHERE ref_no=3702SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE tbl_name='samples';SELECT * FROM register WHERE sample_no=3907 ORDER BY register_no ASCSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Struthio' AND (junior_species='camelus' OR junior_species='camelus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Struthio' AND (species='camelus' OR species='camelus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Struthio' AND (species='camelus' OR species='camelus')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Struthio' AND (junior_species='camelus' OR junior_species='camelus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Struthio' AND (species='camelus' OR species='camelus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Madoqua' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Madoqua' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Madoqua' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Madoqua' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Madoqua' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Cephalophini' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Cephalophini' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Cephalophini' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Cephalophini' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Cephalophini' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Alcelaphinae' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Alcelaphinae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Alcelaphinae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Alcelaphinae' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Alcelaphinae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Syncerus' AND (junior_species='caffer' OR junior_species='caffer')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Syncerus' AND (species='caffer' OR species='caffer') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Syncerus' AND (junior_species='caffer' OR junior_species='caffer')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Syncerus' AND (species='caffer' OR species='caffer') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Bos' AND (junior_species='taurus' OR junior_species='taurus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Bos' AND (species='taurus' OR species='taurus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Bos' AND (junior_species='taurus' OR junior_species='taurus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Bos' AND (species='taurus' OR species='taurus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Caprinae' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Caprinae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Caprinae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Caprinae' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Caprinae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Phacochoerus' AND (junior_species='africanus' OR junior_species='africanus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Phacochoerus' AND (species='africanus' OR species='africanus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Phacochoerus' AND (junior_species='africanus' OR junior_species='africanus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Phacochoerus' AND (species='africanus' OR species='africanus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Potamochoerus' AND (junior_species='larvatus' OR junior_species='larvatus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Potamochoerus' AND (species='larvatus' OR species='larvatus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Potamochoerus' AND (junior_species='larvatus' OR junior_species='larvatus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Potamochoerus' AND (species='larvatus' OR species='larvatus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Equus' AND (junior_species='africanus' OR junior_species='africanus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Equus' AND (species='africanus' OR species='africanus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Equus' AND (junior_species='africanus' OR junior_species='africanus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Equus' AND (species='africanus' OR species='africanus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Carnivora' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Carnivora' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Carnivora' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Carnivora' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Carnivora' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Hyracoidea' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Hyracoidea' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Hyracoidea' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Hyracoidea' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Hyracoidea' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lagomorpha' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Lagomorpha' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Lagomorpha' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lagomorpha' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Lagomorpha' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Hystrix' AND (junior_species='cristata' OR junior_species='cristata')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Hystrix' AND (species='cristata' OR species='cristata') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Hystrix' AND (junior_species='cristata' OR junior_species='cristata')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Hystrix' AND (species='cristata' OR species='cristata') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Muridae' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Muridae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Muridae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Muridae' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Muridae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT * FROM register WHERE sample_no=3907 The Ecological Register: Luxmanda
Luxmanda
Basic information
Sample name: Luxmanda

Reference: K. M. Grillo, M. E. Prendergast, D. A. Contreras, T. Fitton, A. O. Gidna, S. T. Goldstein, M. C. Knisley, M. C. Langley, and A. Z. P. Mabulla. 2018. Pastoral Neolithic Settlement at Luxmanda, Tanzania. Journal of Field Archaeology 43(2):102-120 [ER 3702]
Geography
Country: Tanzania

State: Manyara Region


Coordinate: 4° 15' 24" S, 35° 18' 38" E
Coordinate basis: based on nearby landmark

Time interval: Holocene

Max Ma: 0.00296

Min Ma: 0.002855

Age basis: radiocarbon (uncalibrated)

Geography comments: "The Luxmanda site is located near a village of the same name (in Babati District, Manyara Region, Tanzania), at the southern edge of the Mbulu Plateau, or Mbulu highlands", 8 km north of the Rift escarpment".
Charcoal, bone collagen, and ceramic radiocarbon dates range from 2855 ± 20 BP to 2960 ± 25 BP, roughly 2900-3100 cal. BP.

•
Environment
Lithology: not described

Taphonomic context: human accumulation,midden

Archaeology: burials,ceramics,hearths,stone tools

Habitat comments: The site lies under a series of farm plots and represents "a period of relatively continuous occupation by a pastoralist population with multiple hearths in at least one area of the site along with an infant burial".
"Domestic refuse was widely discarded to form dense middens".
Numerous lithics including flakes, blades, other stone tools and ceramics were excavated.

Methods
Life forms: carnivores,rodents,ungulates,other large mammals,other small mammals,birds

Sampling methods: quarry,screenwash

Sample size: 1421 specimens

Years: 2013, 2015

Sampling comments: "A total of eight trenches were excavated across the site, five in 2013, and a further three in 2015 (subdivided into 1 × 1 m units). In both campaigns, excavation followed natural stratigraphy, subdivided into arbitrary 5 cm spits where exceeding this thickness, or where stratigraphy was not easily detectable".
"All deposits were dry sieved using nested 2 and 5 mm mesh, except for samples selected for bucket flotation, followed by wet sieving. In 2013, flotation samples were taken mainly in the midden deposits. In 2015, flotation samples were taken for one column in each of the three trenches, and also from features of interest".
"After dry sieving, the samples were agitated in water and poured through fabric suspended over 0.5 mm geological sieves. The heavy fraction was then wet sieved through 1 mm mesh".
Due to the size of the faunal assemblage (83 kg), "a sampling strategy was employed whereby about one-fifth of the assemblage (by weight) was examined, including all bone and tooth specimens from contexts deemed high- or medium-priority, and all teeth (at minimum) from low-priority contexts".

Metadata
Sample number: 3907

Contributor: Benjamin Carter

Enterer: Benjamin Carter

Created: 2022-03-02 16:07:17

Modified: 2023-09-11 10:49:54

Abundance distribution
15 species
6 singletons
total count 1421
extrapolated richness: 30.6
Fisher's α: 2.340
geometric series k: 0.6256
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.5470
Shannon's H: 0.9476
Good's u: 0.9958
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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Register
Struthio camelus2111 kg grazer-browser
Madoqua sp.8
also 2 Neotragini indet.
Cephalophini indet.6
Alcelaphinae indet.5
"Alcelaphus buselaphus or Damaliscus lunatus"
Syncerus caffer1548 kg grazer-browser
Bos taurus638337 kg
also 3136 Bovidae indet.
Caprinae indet.711
"Capra hircus or Ovis aries"
Phacochoerus africanus282 kg grazer-browser
Potamochoerus larvatus138 kg grazer-browser
also 13 Suidae indet.
Equus africanus asinus35287 kg
Carnivora indet.1
Hyracoidea indet.1
Lagomorpha indet.8
Hystrix cristata112 kg
Muridae indet.1
also 2380 Mammalia indet.