SELECT * FROM sessions,people WHERE ip=20315109220 AND enterer=person_noSELECT p.first_name AS contributor_first,p.last_name AS contributor_last,p2.first_name AS enterer_first,p2.last_name AS enterer_last,t.* FROM people p,people p2,samples t WHERE t.contributor_no=p.person_no AND t.enterer_no=p2.person_no AND t.sample_no=3913 GROUP BY t.sample_noSELECT * FROM samples WHERE sample_no=3913SELECT person_no,first_name,last_name FROM peopleSELECT * FROM refs WHERE ref_no=3704SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE tbl_name='samples';SELECT * FROM register WHERE sample_no=3913 ORDER BY register_no ASCSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Leporidae' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Leporidae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Leporidae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Leporidae' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Leporidae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Bathyergus' AND (junior_species='janetta' OR junior_species='janetta')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Bathyergus' AND (species='janetta' OR species='janetta') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Bathyergus' AND (species='janetta' OR species='janetta')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Bathyergus' AND (junior_species='janetta' OR junior_species='janetta')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Bathyergus' AND (species='janetta' OR species='janetta') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Canis' AND (junior_species='mesomelas' OR junior_species='mesomelas')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Canis' AND (species='mesomelas' OR species='mesomelas') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Canis' AND (junior_species='mesomelas' OR junior_species='mesomelas')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Canis' AND (species='mesomelas' OR species='mesomelas') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Vulpes' AND (junior_species='chama' OR junior_species='chama')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Vulpes' AND (species='chama' OR species='chama') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Vulpes' AND (junior_species='chama' OR junior_species='chama')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Vulpes' AND (species='chama' OR species='chama') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Otocyon' AND (junior_species='megalotis' OR junior_species='megalotis')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Otocyon' AND (species='megalotis' OR species='megalotis') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Otocyon' AND (junior_species='megalotis' OR junior_species='megalotis')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Otocyon' AND (species='megalotis' OR species='megalotis') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lycaon' AND (junior_species='pictus' OR junior_species='pictus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Lycaon' AND (species='pictus' OR species='pictus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lycaon' AND (junior_species='pictus' OR junior_species='pictus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Lycaon' AND (species='pictus' OR species='pictus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Ictonyx' AND (junior_species='striatus' OR junior_species='striatus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Ictonyx' AND (species='striatus' OR species='striatus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Ictonyx' AND (junior_species='striatus' OR junior_species='striatus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Ictonyx' AND (species='striatus' OR species='striatus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Mellivora' AND (junior_species='capensis' OR junior_species='capensis')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Mellivora' AND (species='capensis' OR species='capensis') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Mellivora' AND (junior_species='capensis' OR junior_species='capensis')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Mellivora' AND (species='capensis' OR species='capensis') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Herpestes' AND (junior_species='pulverulentus' OR junior_species='pulverulentus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Herpestes' AND (species='pulverulentus' OR species='pulverulentus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Herpestes' AND (junior_species='pulverulentus' OR junior_species='pulverulentus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Herpestes' AND (species='pulverulentus' OR species='pulverulentus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Suricata' AND (junior_species='suricatta' OR junior_species='suricatta')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Suricata' AND (species='suricatta' OR species='suricatta') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Suricata' AND (junior_species='suricatta' OR junior_species='suricatta')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Suricata' AND (species='suricatta' OR species='suricatta') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Parahyaena' AND (junior_species='brunnea' OR junior_species='brunnea')SELECT junior_genus,junior_species FROM itis WHERE senior_genus='' AND senior_species=''SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Parahyaena' AND (species='brunnea' OR species='brunnea') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Parahyaena' AND (junior_species='brunnea' OR junior_species='brunnea')SELECT junior_genus,junior_species FROM itis WHERE senior_genus='' AND senior_species=''SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Parahyaena' AND (species='brunnea' OR species='brunnea') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Felis' AND (junior_species='lybica' OR junior_species='lybica')SELECT junior_genus,junior_species FROM itis WHERE senior_genus='' AND senior_species=''SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Felis' AND (species='lybica' OR species='lybica') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Felis' AND (species='lybica' OR species='lybica')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Felis' AND (junior_species='lybica' OR junior_species='lybica')SELECT junior_genus,junior_species FROM itis WHERE senior_genus='' AND senior_species=''SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Felis' AND (species='lybica' OR species='lybica') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Panthera' AND (junior_species='leo' OR junior_species='leo')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Panthera' AND (species='leo' OR species='leo') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Panthera' AND (junior_species='leo' OR junior_species='leo')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Panthera' AND (species='leo' OR species='leo') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Diceros' AND (junior_species='bicornis' OR junior_species='bicornis')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Diceros' AND (species='bicornis' OR species='bicornis') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Diceros' AND (junior_species='bicornis' OR junior_species='bicornis')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Diceros' AND (species='bicornis' OR species='bicornis') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Oryx' AND (junior_species='gazella' OR junior_species='gazella')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Oryx' AND (species='gazella' OR species='gazella') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Oryx' AND (junior_species='gazella' OR junior_species='gazella')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Oryx' AND (species='gazella' OR species='gazella') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Redunca' AND (junior_species='arundinum' OR junior_species='arundinum')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Redunca' AND (species='arundinum' OR species='arundinum') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Redunca' AND (species='arundinum' OR species='arundinum')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Redunca' AND (junior_species='arundinum' OR junior_species='arundinum')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Redunca' AND (species='arundinum' OR species='arundinum') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Connochaetes' AND (junior_species='taurinus' OR junior_species='taurinus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Connochaetes' AND (species='taurinus' OR species='taurinus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Connochaetes' AND (junior_species='taurinus' OR junior_species='taurinus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Connochaetes' AND (species='taurinus' OR species='taurinus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Antidorcas' AND (junior_species='marsupialis' OR junior_species='marsupialis')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Antidorcas' AND (species='marsupialis' OR species='marsupialis') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Antidorcas' AND (junior_species='marsupialis' OR junior_species='marsupialis')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Antidorcas' AND (species='marsupialis' OR species='marsupialis') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Raphicerus' AND (junior_species='campestris' OR junior_species='campestris')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Raphicerus' AND (species='campestris' OR species='campestris') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Raphicerus' AND (junior_species='campestris' OR junior_species='campestris')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Raphicerus' AND (species='campestris' OR species='campestris') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Delphinidae' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Delphinidae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Delphinidae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Delphinidae' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Delphinidae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Arctocephalus' AND (junior_species='pusillus' OR junior_species='pusillus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Arctocephalus' AND (species='pusillus' OR species='pusillus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Arctocephalus' AND (species='pusillus' OR species='pusillus')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Arctocephalus' AND (junior_species='pusillus' OR junior_species='pusillus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Arctocephalus' AND (species='pusillus' OR species='pusillus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT * FROM register WHERE sample_no=3913 The Ecological Register: Boegoeberg 1
Boegoeberg 1
Basic information
Sample name: Boegoeberg 1

Reference: R. G. Klein, K. Cruz-Uribe, D. Halkett, T. Hart, and J. E. Parkington. 1999. Paleoenvironmental and human behavioral implications of the Boegoeberg 1 Late Pleistocene hyena den, Northern Cape Province, South Africa. Quaternary Research 52(3):393-403 [ER 3704]
Geography
Country: South Africa

State: Northern Cape


Coordinate: 28° 46' 6" S, 16° 34' 37" E
Coordinate basis: stated in text

Time interval: Late Pleistocene

Min Ma: 0.03722

Age basis: radiocarbon (uncalibrated)

Geography comments: "Boegoeberg 1 (BOG1) is located on the Atlantic coast of the Northern Cape Province of South Africa, approximately 850 km north of Cape Town".
Three ostrich eggshell samples were radiocarbon dated, with the uppermost unit dating to 37,220 BP.
"This date should be considered minimum since the actual ages could be much greater if the samples were only minutely contaminated by more recent carbon" (although deposition most likely occurred between 71,000 and 37,000 years ago).

•
Environment
Lithology: sandstone

Taphonomic context: carnivore accumulation,rock shelter

Habitat comments: "The BOG1 site was discovered when diamond miners bulldozed sand from a gully in schist bedrock and exposed a shallow, fossiliferous shelter in the gully wall".
"The sedimentary fill at BOG1 comprises two major units, beach sands to a height of roughly 7 m above mean sea level overlain by a mix of alluvial and aeolian sands".
"Bones are absent in the beach sands but abound in overlying deposits. Fragments of the schist bedrock occur throughout".
"Excavations exposed five conformable fossiliferous units, differentiated primarily by the quantity and size of the schist fragments and by their state of decomposition". As the five units are "faunistically identical", they were treated as one single unit.
"The absence of artifacts and cut-marked bones and the presence of coprolites and chewed or digested bones indicates that hyenas accumulated the bones at BOG1".

Methods
Life forms: carnivores,rodents,ungulates,marine mammals,other small mammals

Sampling methods: quarry

Sample size: 5452 specimens

Years: 1994, 1996

Sampling comments: "In November 1994 and April 1996, the surviving deposit was excavated" (much of it had been previously damaged or removed from the bulldozing).
"The site was overlain with a grid of meter squares, and each square was subdivided into 16 sectors, 25 cm on a side".
"All objects were recorded with respect to sector and natural stratigraphic unit".

Metadata
Sample number: 3913

Contributor: Benjamin Carter

Enterer: Benjamin Carter

Created: 2022-03-04 15:32:51

Modified: 2022-03-08 00:28:35

Abundance distribution
21 species
5 singletons
total count 5452
extrapolated richness: 32.9
Fisher's α: 2.768
geometric series k: 0.6556
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.2617
Shannon's H: 0.5720
Good's u: 0.9991
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
• Find matching samples
• Map matching samples
• Extrapolate richness estimates
Register
Leporidae indet.7
Bathyergus janetta6
Canis mesomelas6307.9 kg carnivore
Vulpes chama122.7 kg carnivore-frugivore
Otocyon megalotis43.2 kg frugivore-invertivore
also 20 Vulpini indet.
Lycaon pictus226 kg carnivore
Ictonyx striatus1753 g invertivore-carnivore
Mellivora capensis77.7 kg carnivore-invertivore
Herpestes pulverulentus4787 g
Suricata suricatta1663 g invertivore-carnivore
also 15 Herpestidae indet.
Parahyaena brunnea6448 kg
"Hyaena brunnea"
Felis lybica1
Panthera leo1147 kg carnivore
Diceros bicornis1894 kg browser
also 18 Rhinocerotidae indet.
Oryx gazella17195 kg grazer-browser
Redunca arundinum4 grazer
Connochaetes taurinus4202 kg grazer-browser
Antidorcas marsupialis3440 kg browser-grazer
Raphicerus campestris89.7 kg browser-grazer
also 216 Bovidae indet.
Delphinidae indet.3
also 6 Cetacea indet.
Arctocephalus pusillus4641