SELECT * FROM sessions,people WHERE ip=20315109220 AND enterer=person_noSELECT p.first_name AS contributor_first,p.last_name AS contributor_last,p2.first_name AS enterer_first,p2.last_name AS enterer_last,t.* FROM people p,people p2,samples t WHERE t.contributor_no=p.person_no AND t.enterer_no=p2.person_no AND t.sample_no=4378 GROUP BY t.sample_noSELECT * FROM samples WHERE sample_no=4378SELECT person_no,first_name,last_name FROM peopleSELECT * FROM refs WHERE ref_no=3967SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE tbl_name='samples';SELECT * FROM register WHERE sample_no=4378 ORDER BY register_no ASCSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Erinaceus' AND (junior_species='europaeus' OR junior_species='europaeus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Erinaceus' AND (species='europaeus' OR species='europaeus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Erinaceus' AND (species='europaeus' OR species='europaeus')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Erinaceus' AND (junior_species='europaeus' OR junior_species='europaeus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Erinaceus' AND (species='europaeus' OR species='europaeus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Arvicola' AND (junior_species='amphibius' OR junior_species='amphibius')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Arvicola' AND (species='amphibius' OR species='amphibius') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Arvicola' AND (species='amphibius' OR species='amphibius')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Arvicola' AND (junior_species='amphibius' OR junior_species='amphibius')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Arvicola' AND (species='amphibius' OR species='amphibius') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Apodemus' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Apodemus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Apodemus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Apodemus' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Apodemus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lepus' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Lepus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Lepus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lepus' AND (junior_species='sp.' OR junior_species='sp.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Lepus' AND (species='sp.' OR species='sp.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Meles' AND (junior_species='meles' OR junior_species='meles')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Meles' AND (species='meles' OR species='meles') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Meles' AND (junior_species='meles' OR junior_species='meles')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Meles' AND (species='meles' OR species='meles') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Mustelidae' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Mustelidae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Mustelidae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Mustelidae' AND (junior_species='indet.' OR junior_species='indet.')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Mustelidae' AND (species='indet.' OR species='indet.') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Canis' AND (junior_species='lupus' OR junior_species='lupus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Canis' AND (species='lupus' OR species='lupus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Canis' AND (junior_species='lupus' OR junior_species='lupus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Canis' AND (species='lupus' OR species='lupus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Canis' AND (junior_species='aureus' OR junior_species='aureus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Canis' AND (species='aureus' OR species='aureus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Canis' AND (junior_species='aureus' OR junior_species='aureus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Canis' AND (species='aureus' OR species='aureus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Vulpes' AND (junior_species='vulpes' OR junior_species='vulpes')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Vulpes' AND (species='vulpes' OR species='vulpes') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Vulpes' AND (junior_species='vulpes' OR junior_species='vulpes')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Vulpes' AND (species='vulpes' OR species='vulpes') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Ursus' AND (junior_species='spelaeus' OR junior_species='spelaeus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Ursus' AND (species='spelaeus' OR species='spelaeus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Ursus' AND (species='spelaeus' OR species='spelaeus')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Ursus' AND (junior_species='spelaeus' OR junior_species='spelaeus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Ursus' AND (species='spelaeus' OR species='spelaeus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Ursus' AND (junior_species='arctos' OR junior_species='arctos')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Ursus' AND (species='arctos' OR species='arctos') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Ursus' AND (junior_species='arctos' OR junior_species='arctos')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Ursus' AND (species='arctos' OR species='arctos') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Felis' AND (junior_species='silvestris' OR junior_species='silvestris')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Felis' AND (species='silvestris' OR species='silvestris') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Felis' AND (junior_species='silvestris' OR junior_species='silvestris')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Felis' AND (species='silvestris' OR species='silvestris') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lynx' AND (junior_species='lynx' OR junior_species='lynx')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Lynx' AND (species='lynx' OR species='lynx') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Lynx' AND (junior_species='lynx' OR junior_species='lynx')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Lynx' AND (species='lynx' OR species='lynx') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Panthera' AND (junior_species='pardus' OR junior_species='pardus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Panthera' AND (species='pardus' OR species='pardus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Panthera' AND (junior_species='pardus' OR junior_species='pardus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Panthera' AND (species='pardus' OR species='pardus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Crocuta' AND (junior_species='spelaea' OR junior_species='spelaea')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Crocuta' AND (species='spelaea' OR species='spelaea') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Crocuta' AND (species='spelaea' OR species='spelaea')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Crocuta' AND (junior_species='spelaea' OR junior_species='spelaea')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Crocuta' AND (species='spelaea' OR species='spelaea') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Stephanorhinus' AND (junior_species='hemitoechus' OR junior_species='hemitoechus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Stephanorhinus' AND (species='hemitoechus' OR species='hemitoechus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Stephanorhinus' AND (species='hemitoechus' OR species='hemitoechus')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Stephanorhinus' AND (junior_species='hemitoechus' OR junior_species='hemitoechus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Stephanorhinus' AND (species='hemitoechus' OR species='hemitoechus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Equus' AND (junior_species='ferus' OR junior_species='ferus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Equus' AND (species='ferus' OR species='ferus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Equus' AND (junior_species='ferus' OR junior_species='ferus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Equus' AND (species='ferus' OR species='ferus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Sus' AND (junior_species='scrofa' OR junior_species='scrofa')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Sus' AND (species='scrofa' OR species='scrofa') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Sus' AND (junior_species='scrofa' OR junior_species='scrofa')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Sus' AND (species='scrofa' OR species='scrofa') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Capreolus' AND (junior_species='capreolus' OR junior_species='capreolus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Capreolus' AND (species='capreolus' OR species='capreolus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Capreolus' AND (junior_species='capreolus' OR junior_species='capreolus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Capreolus' AND (species='capreolus' OR species='capreolus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Cervus' AND (junior_species='elaphus' OR junior_species='elaphus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Cervus' AND (species='elaphus' OR species='elaphus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Cervus' AND (junior_species='elaphus' OR junior_species='elaphus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Cervus' AND (species='elaphus' OR species='elaphus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Dama' AND (junior_species='dama' OR junior_species='dama')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Dama' AND (species='dama' OR species='dama') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Dama' AND (junior_species='dama' OR junior_species='dama')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Dama' AND (species='dama' OR species='dama') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Rupicapra' AND (junior_species='rupicapra' OR junior_species='rupicapra')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Rupicapra' AND (species='rupicapra' OR species='rupicapra') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Rupicapra' AND (junior_species='rupicapra' OR junior_species='rupicapra')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Rupicapra' AND (species='rupicapra' OR species='rupicapra') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Bos' AND (junior_species='primigenius' OR junior_species='primigenius')SELECT junior_genus,junior_species FROM itis WHERE senior_genus='' AND senior_species=''SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Bos' AND (species='primigenius' OR species='primigenius') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Bos' AND (species='primigenius' OR species='primigenius')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Bos' AND (junior_species='primigenius' OR junior_species='primigenius')SELECT junior_genus,junior_species FROM itis WHERE senior_genus='' AND senior_species=''SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Bos' AND (species='primigenius' OR species='primigenius') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Palaeoloxodon' AND (junior_species='antiquus' OR junior_species='antiquus')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Palaeoloxodon' AND (species='antiquus' OR species='antiquus') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT *,0 AS individuals FROM crc WHERE genus='Palaeoloxodon' AND (species='antiquus' OR species='antiquus')SELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Palaeoloxodon' AND (junior_species='antiquus' OR junior_species='antiquus')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Palaeoloxodon' AND (species='antiquus' OR species='antiquus') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Homo' AND (junior_species='sapiens' OR junior_species='sapiens')SELECT s.*,r.* FROM sizes s,refs r WHERE s.ref_no=r.ref_no AND measurement='body mass' AND genus='Homo' AND (species='sapiens' OR species='sapiens') ORDER BY measurement,sex,last_names,yearSELECT senior_genus genus,senior_species species FROM itis WHERE junior_genus='Homo' AND (junior_species='sapiens' OR junior_species='sapiens')SELECT d.diet,d.diet_2,r.ref_no,r.last_names,r.year FROM diets d,refs r WHERE d.ref_no=r.ref_no AND genus='Homo' AND (species='sapiens' OR species='sapiens') ORDER BY year,last_namesSELECT * FROM register WHERE sample_no=4378 The Ecological Register: Grotta Cucgiliana
Grotta Cucgiliana
Basic information
Sample name: Grotta Cucgiliana

Reference: S. Farina. 2011. Late Pleistocene mammals from Grotta Cucigliana (Monte Pisano, Italy). Atti della Società toscana di scienze naturali, Memorie, Serie B 118:67-74 [ER 3967]
Geography
Country: Italy


Coordinate: 43° 41' 14" N, 10° 33' 12" E
Coordinate basis: stated in text

Time interval: Late Pleistocene

Max Ma: 0.074

Min Ma: 0.024

Age basis: zone

Geography comments: "in the small centre of Cucigliana, near Vicopisano"
the sample is divided into two assemblages called Cucigliana A and B strictly on a "paleoecological basis" and these are thought to respectively represent the "MIS 5a to MIS 4 transition" and "the beginning of MIS 3" based on biochronology
these are shown as spanning 74 ka to just over 59 ka and possibly as young as 24 ka (Fig. 3)

•
Environment
Lithology: not described

Taphonomic context: cave

Habitat comments: a "karst" cave

Methods
Life forms: carnivores,primates,rodents,ungulates,other small mammals

Sampling methods: quarry

Sample size: 917 specimens

Years: 1879

Sampling comments: discovered in 1878 and initially excavated in 1879 (Acconci 1880), with later collections described by Del Campana (1912, 1914)

Metadata
Sample number: 4378

Contributor: John Alroy

Enterer: John Alroy

Created: 2023-11-27 14:20:04

Modified: 2023-11-27 03:20:04

Abundance distribution
25 species
4 singletons
total count 917
extrapolated richness: 34.5
Fisher's α: 4.744
geometric series k: 0.7886
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.8251
Shannon's H: 2.2001
Good's u: 0.9956
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
• Find matching samples
• Map matching samples
• Extrapolate richness estimates
Register
Erinaceus europaeus4
Arvicola amphibius8
Apodemus sp.1
sylvaticus-flavicollis group
Lepus sp.30
Meles meles611 kg invertivore-herbivore
Mustelidae indet.1
presumably another taxon
Canis lupus1043 kg carnivore
Canis aureus19.9 kg carnivore-frugivore
Vulpes vulpes165.3 kg carnivore-insectivore
Ursus spelaeus31
Ursus arctos3156 kg frugivore-carnivore
Felis silvestris34.5 kg carnivore
"Felis sylvestris"
Lynx lynx216 kg carnivore
Panthera pardus3733 kg carnivore
Crocuta spelaea299
"Crocuta crocuta spelaea"
Stephanorhinus hemitoechus11
Equus ferus84422 kg
Sus scrofa3854 kg herbivore
Capreolus capreolus1622 kg browser
Cervus elaphus191104 kg
also 3 Cervus or Dama
Dama dama2962 kg
Rupicapra rupicapra627 kg browser-grazer
Bos primigenius87
Palaeoloxodon antiquus2
Homo sapiens164 kg