Spirit Cave (Layer 2A)
Basic information
Sample name: Spirit Cave (Layer 2A)
Reference: C. Conrad, C. Higham, M. Eda, and B. Marwick. 2016. Palaeoecology and forager subsistence strategies during the Pleistocene - Holocene transition: A reinvestigation of the zooarchaeological assemblage from Spirit Cave, Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand. Asian Perspectives 55(1):2-27 [ER 3371]
Geography
Country: Thailand
State: Mae Hong Son
Coordinate: 19° 34' N, 98° 16' E
Time interval: Holocene
Ma: 0.00852
Age basis: radiocarbon (uncalibrated)
Geography comments: "Spirit Cave is located in the karstic upland region of Mae Hong Son Province, northwest Thailand"
Coordinates are not given in the text, they were instead taken from the Wikipedia article for the site
Dates for the site were obtained from nine "samples of bamboo charcoal" and published by Gormon (1970)
One date was obtained for Layer 2A, ranging from 10414-8590 cal. B.P.
Coordinates are not given in the text, they were instead taken from the Wikipedia article for the site
Dates for the site were obtained from nine "samples of bamboo charcoal" and published by Gormon (1970)
One date was obtained for Layer 2A, ranging from 10414-8590 cal. B.P.
Environment
Lithology: limestone
Taphonomic context: cave,human accumulation
Archaeology: ceramics,stone tools
Habitat comments: "An initial survey of the three chambers that comprise the cave complex suggested an intact and rich archaeological deposit in the middle cave section"
"the middle cave proved promising for archaeological excavation, with cord-marked pottery sherds, flakes, and quartzite cores visible on the surface" and this chamber was subsequently excavated "between June and July 1966"
"the middle cave proved promising for archaeological excavation, with cord-marked pottery sherds, flakes, and quartzite cores visible on the surface" and this chamber was subsequently excavated "between June and July 1966"
Methods
Life forms: bats,rodents,ungulates,fishes,crustaceans,clams,snails
Sampling methods: quarry,screenwash,surface
Sample size: 33 specimens
Sampled by: C.F. Gormon
Years: 1966
Sampling comments: "Excavation used 1 m squares following the natural strata" and "fine-grained screening (1 mm mesh)" of the "5 layers at the site"
"After an interval of 48 years [since the original 1966 excavations] and 4 different storage locations at the University of Otago, only part of the original collection has been located"
Therefore, "the Spirit Cave assemblage is a subset of the original collection, it does not represent the complete assemblage"
"...our reanalysis deals with only a minute portion of the original assemblage excavated and recovered by Gorman"
"After an interval of 48 years [since the original 1966 excavations] and 4 different storage locations at the University of Otago, only part of the original collection has been located"
Therefore, "the Spirit Cave assemblage is a subset of the original collection, it does not represent the complete assemblage"
"...our reanalysis deals with only a minute portion of the original assemblage excavated and recovered by Gorman"
Metadata
Sample number: 3736
Contributor: Benjamin Carter
Enterer: Benjamin Carter
Created: 2021-05-18 10:20:28
Modified: 2023-04-28 01:02:04
Abundance distribution
8 species
2 singletons
total count 33
extrapolated richness: 15.5
Fisher's α: 3.359
geometric series k: 0.7306
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.7888
Shannon's H: 1.7630
Good's u: 0.9446
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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Register
| Hipposideros sp. | 8 | 8.3 g |
| also 7 Chiroptera indet. | ||
| Sus sp. | 1 | |
| Cervus unicolor | 1 | 100 kg grazer-browser |
| "Rusa unicolor" | ||
| Rodentia indet. | 2 | |
| also 60 Mammalia indet. | ||
| Cyprinidae indet. | 8 | |
| Indochinamon sp. | 2 | |
| Margaritifera laosensis | 2 | |
| Gastropoda indet. | 9 | |
Current reference:
Huckleberry et al. 2001 (ER 3215)