Ulucak Höyük (Level VI)
Basic information
Sample name: Ulucak Höyük (Level VI)
Reference: C. Cakirlar. 2012. The evolution of animal husbandry in Neolithic central-west Anatolia: the zooarchaeological record from Ulucak Höyük (c. 7040-5660 cal. BC, Izmir, Turkey). Anatolian Studies 62:1-33 [ER 3762]
Geography
Country: Turkey
State: İzmir
Coordinate: 38° 28' 0" N, 27° 21' 7" E
Coordinate basis: estimated from map
Time interval: Holocene
Section: 3762
Unit number: 3
Unit order: above to below
Max Ma: 0.00899
Min Ma: 0.00855
Age basis: radiocarbon (calibrated)
Geography comments: "Ulucak Höyük is situated 9 km east of the İzmir Bay on the western end of the Kemalpaşa Plain, 221 m asl near the Belkahve Pass, in western Anatolia, Turkey".
Radiocarbon dates place Level VI to c. 7040-6600 cal. BC (at the two sigma range).
Radiocarbon dates place Level VI to c. 7040-6600 cal. BC (at the two sigma range).
Environment
Lithology: ash
Taphonomic context: human accumulation,settlement
Archaeology: bone tools,hearths,other structures
Habitat comments: "The Neolithic mound of Ulucak Höyük covers a surface area of three hectares and consists of a long, seemingly uninterrupted occupational sequence".
"The earliest Neolithic Level (VI), so far excavated in a single 10 x 10 m area of the site, consists of several superimposed layers of red painted lime plaster floors and badly-preserved architectural remains with walls covered with painted plasters. The architectural remains of Level VI are associated with several fire-related installations surrounded by ashy deposits. All Level VI deposits are entirely devoid of pottery and other clay objects".
"The earliest Neolithic Level (VI), so far excavated in a single 10 x 10 m area of the site, consists of several superimposed layers of red painted lime plaster floors and badly-preserved architectural remains with walls covered with painted plasters. The architectural remains of Level VI are associated with several fire-related installations surrounded by ashy deposits. All Level VI deposits are entirely devoid of pottery and other clay objects".
Methods
Life forms: carnivores,rodents,ungulates,other small mammals,birds,turtles,fishes
Sampling methods: quarry
Sample size: 801 specimens
Years: 1995 -
Sampling comments: "Systematic excavations in the mound started in 1995. The majority of Ulucak’s faunal assemblage has been recovered through hand-collecting techniques. A considerable portion of the archaeological deposits has been wet sieved since 2009, although analysis of the sieved material is ongoing". The counts below pertain to the hand collected specimens only.
Metadata
Sample number: 4022
Contributor: Benjamin Carter
Enterer: Benjamin Carter
Created: 2022-10-20 12:51:42
Modified: 2023-05-30 02:26:01
Abundance distribution
14 species
2 singletons
total count 801
geometric series index: 20.0
Fisher's α: 2.410
geometric series k: 0.6392
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.7306
Shannon's H: 1.5964
Good's u: 0.9975
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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Bos taurus | 336 | 337 kg |
also 17 Bos sp. "cattle/aurochs" | ||
Ovis aries | 168 | 41 kg |
also 1531 Caprinae indet. | ||
Capra aegagrus hircus | 45 | 22 kg browser-grazer |
includes 3 wild goat | ||
Sus scrofa domesticus | 166 | 54 kg herbivore |
includes 5 wild boar | ||
Canis lupus familiaris | 1 | 43 kg carnivore |
Dama dama | 36 | 62 kg |
also 4 Cervini indet. "fallow/red deer" | ||
Capreolus capreolus | 14 | 22 kg browser |
Vulpes vulpes | 5 | 5.3 kg carnivore-insectivore |
also 1 Caninae indet. "dog/red fox" | ||
Meles meles | 1 | 11 kg invertivore-herbivore |
Lepus europaeus | 20 | 3.4 kg herbivore |
Rodentia indet. | 2 | |
Testudinidae indet. | 2 | |
most likely Testudo graeca | ||
Aves indet. | 2 | |
Pisces indet. | 3 |